Predictive genotoxicity and mutagenicity of drugs using liver-on-a-chip Liver-on-a-chip (LOC) models are increasingly recognized as a powerful tool in drug development. These models replicate the complex environment of the [...]

In vitro lung models for translational research in respiratory diseases The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for reliable lung in vitro models to efficiently respond to an emergency by [...]

In vitro skin models as an alternative to cosmetic animal testing Animal testing for cosmetic products has been banned in the European Union since 2013. This includes a prohibition [...]

How to culture liver organoids  Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) structures derived from stem cells, progenitors, or differentiated cells that self-organize to recapitulate aspects of the native tissue architecture and [...]

What non-parenchymal cell types are present in the liver?  Non-parenchymal cells (NPCs) are the diverse cell types found in the liver that are not hepatocytes. These cells make up [...]

The drug discovery and development process has a bottleneck: the use of animal models in preclinical stages. Animal use is costly, time-consuming, and implies ethical concerns.  Governments and regulatory [...]